图书详情
ISBN:978-7-5097-4830-5总页码:444
字数: 466千字装帧:平装
内容简介
本书以土地、森林、矿产、水、野生动植物等自然要素为理论框架,以时间为线索,客观深入地探讨了清代各个时期政府对苗疆生态环境的保护及其经验教训。本书不仅丰富了清代对苗疆治理的研究,也为今天在西南少数民族地区的施政及生态保护法治提供了借鉴和依据。本书资料详实,内蕴丰厚,剖析深刻,涉猎广泛,观念新颖独到,参照比较视角敏锐,是近年来我国民族法制史研究领域中的一部力作,将对中国西南民族地区的生态法制建设产生较大的积极作用。
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图书摘要
苗疆的治理研究在清代的边境治理研究中是一个薄弱的环节,而关于清政府对苗疆生态环境的保护研究更是鲜少涉及。清政府治理苗疆的基本政策表现在法律上的因俗而治、政治上的恩威并用、行政上的逐步渗透、对土司权力的削弱与剥夺等四个方面。清政府对苗疆生态环境的保护性政策主要包括对土地资源、森林资源、矿产资源、水利资源、野生动植物资源等五个方面的内容,并主要通过皇帝的谕旨、大臣的奏疏、地方官员发布的法令、司法判例等手段进行。清政府对苗疆生态环境的保护性政策具有连续性、一致性和前瞻性的特点。
清政府对苗疆土地资源的保护性政策包括限制滥垦滥挖苗疆土地、保护苗疆公山、维护苗疆少数民族土地权益等政策;对森林资源的保护性政策主要包括鼓励在苗疆植树造林和限制在苗疆滥砍滥伐的政策;对矿产资源的保护性政策包括限制在苗疆开矿、减免苗疆矿税、严禁在苗疆私采矿产、及时封闭苗疆枯竭矿源等政策;对水利资源的保护性政策包括严禁阻塞破坏苗疆水道、合理分配苗疆水资源、严禁破坏苗疆水利设施、保障苗疆水利经费等政策;对野生动植物资源的保护性政策包括免除对苗疆野生动植物资源的直接征收、减免苗疆与野生动植物资源有关的税收、禁止滥捕滥采苗疆动植物资源等政策。清政府对苗疆生态环境的保护性政策虽具有一定的历史局限性,但其对今天在民族地区的施政仍具有借鉴意义。
关键词:政府 苗疆 生态 保护
Research on governance in
Miaojiang region is a weak link in the study of border governance in Qing
Dynasty. Moreover, protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang region by
the Qing government is rarely involved. The basic policies of governance in Miaojiang
region by Qing government lies in four aspects: legal rule by custom, political
conjunction with grace and majesty, gradual penetrating in administration and
weakening and depriving the power of Toasts. The protection of ecological
environment in Miaojiang region by the Qing government mainly covers five
fields, including land resources, forest resources, mineral resources, water
resources, wildlife resources and so on. Protective policies scatter in the
emperors’ edict, ministers’ memorial to the throne, local officials’ decrees
and judicial precedents.The protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang
Region by the Qing government has features such as continuity, consistency and
forwardness.
The protection of land
resources in Miaojiang by the Qing government
includes restricting excessive farming and digging on land, protecting
public mountain and maintaining interests of Minority in the land. The
protection of forest resources mainly includes encouraging tree planting,
limiting deforestation. The protection of mineral resources includes policies
of restricting official mining, relieving minerals tax, forbidding private
mining and timely closing exhausted mine source in Miaojiang region. The
protection of water resources includes policies of forbidding to block and
destruct waterways, reasonably allocating water resources, prohibiting
destructing water conservancy facilities and guaranteeing funds of water
conservancy. The protection of wildlife resources includes policies of
exempting directly levy, relieving tax on wildlife resources and prohibiting
over-exploitation. Although there are some certain historical limitations in
the protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang region by the Qing
government, it is a reference for current policy in ethnic minority areas.
Key Words:Government; Miaojiang
Region; Ecological; Protection
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