中国政治参与报告（2013）

　　为全面了解中国公民的政治参与情况，不仅需要对公民的选举参与、政策参与、自治参与、接触式参与等分别进行大规模的问卷调查，还需要分析政治参与是否会影响公民的政治认同水平，本书主要反映的就是基于2012年问卷调查的政治参与和政治认同情况。



　　中国社会科学院政治学研究所与中国社会科学院调查与数据信息中心合作，于2012年进行了一次全国性的“中国公民政治文化”问卷调查。问卷调查结果显示，中国公民的身份认同、发展认同、政党认同、政策认同、体制认同、文化认同的得分都处于较高或高水平，但是公民政治参与行为的得分略低，显示出了“认同高、参与水平低”的基本态势。



　　中国公民的政治参与偏好，对政治认同有一定的影响，表现为偏好选举参与的公民政治认同水平较高，偏好社团参与、自治参与和政策参与的公民政治认同处于居中水平，偏好维权参与和网络参与的公民政治认同水平偏低。



　　“中国公民政治文化”问卷调查涉及不同公民群体的政治认同和政治参与情况，发现男性公民的政治认同和政治参与水平均高于女性公民；少数民族公民的政治认同水平高于汉族公民，但是不同民族公民的政治参与水平差异不显著；城镇户籍公民政治认同水平高于农村户籍公民，但是不同户籍公民的政治参与水平差异不显著；学历高低并未造成公民政治认同和政治参与的重大差异，但是从老、中、青的年龄区分看，大致是年龄越长政治认同和政治参与的水平越高；公民中的共产党员的政治认同和政治参与水平高于共青团员和群众，共青团员与群众之间的差异不显著；不同职业的公民、不同区域的公民以及不同单位性质的公民，无论是在政策认同上，还是在政治参与上，都有显著的差异；但是不同收入的公民的政治认同和政治参与差异并不显著。








For
a comprehensive understanding of Chinese citizens’ political participation, it’s necessary to carry out large-scale survey on subjects such as citizens’ election participation,
policy participation and contact participation. Furthermore, we need to
analyze whether political participation has an impact on citizens’ political identification. The subject of this book is
Chinese citizens’
political participation and political identification. It reports findings from a
survey done in 2012.



The
survey is called “Chinese citizens’ political culture”, which was carried out in 2012 on a nationwide scale. It is a collaborative
project by Institute of Political Science, and Survey and Data Center, both of
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). The results of this survey
show that Chinese citizens’national
identification, development identification, party identification, policy
identification, institutional identification and cultural identification all
score rather high However,Hey scored rather lowon political participation.The results reflect a general
picture of “bong on
identification,short on participation”.



The
preference in Chinese citizens’
political participation has an impact on their political identification. Those who prefer election
participation have a high level of political identification. Citizens who prefer civil’ organization participation
and policy participation have a medium level of political identification. Citizens who prefer
participation in rights-defeuse
and participation through the internet have a low level of political
identification.



The
survey titled “Chinese citizens’ political culture” covered different citizen groups. The results reveal that male
citizen’
level of political identification and participation is higher than female. The level of Minority
citizens’
political identification is higher than Hans, while the difference among
different minority groups is not significant. Urban residents’ political identification
level is higher than rural residents while the difference on participation
between the two groups is not significant. Level of education degree
makes little difference to both political identification and participation. But generally, the age
factor plays a more significant role.
The results for elderly, middle-aged
and young people, show that older citizens have a higher level of political
identification and participation.
In addition, the group of CPC members score higher on political identification
and participation than the Communist Youth League members and litigens with no
political affiliation, while the difference between Communist Youth League
members and the politically unaffiliated is not significant. The survey also finds out
that the difference is significant among groups with different professions,
regions and types of organizations.
At the same time, income level does not play a significant role in both
political identification and political participation.



The number of the authors for this
year’s tourism green book reaches more than
70. The authors are from research institutions, colleges and universities,
tourism enterprises, administrative departments, and tourist enterprises of
Beijin Based on their professional advancement in their working units, some of
them focus on the study of Beijing tourism development; as members of Beijing
Tourism Research Center and Beijing Tourism Research Base, some actively carry
out their research assigned by BTS.



With different academic background,
they are set with different standpoints and angles to observe in research,
therefore, the analyses they make are just complementary to one another, which
also goes beyond their complementary precious value, but also deploys their
independence and objectiveness, thus providing different needs for their readers
to find what they really want to get in the book.