图书详情
ISBN:978-7-5097-4995-1总页码:336
字数: 340千字装帧:平装
内容简介
本书基于生态文明建设狭义和广义的两个内涵,设立两套生态文明建设评价指标体系,分别测算整体的生态文明指数(ECI 2013)和绿色生态文明指数(GECI 2013),将各省份划分为均衡发展型、社会发达型、生态优势型、相对均衡型、环境优势型和低度均衡型六个类型;并将目前中国各省生态文明建设水平与国际比较发现,多数省份的多数指标,与国际平均水平尚有差距,与先进国家水平更是差距显著。
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图书摘要
生态文明建设是一项广泛涉及器物、行为、制度和观念层面的系统工程。依据当前国家数据发布情况,2013年中国省域生态文明建设评价指标体系(ECCI 2013),在前三个年度报告的基础上,基于生态文明建设狭义和广义的两个内涵,设立两套生态文明建设评价指标体系,分别测算整体的生态文明指数(ECI 2013)和绿色生态文明指数(GECI 2013)。
在更新指标体系和完善分析方法之后,评价结果显示,各省生态文明指数ECI
2013得分差异显著;根据各省份在四个核心考察领域的表现,仍可划分为均衡发展型、社会发达型、生态优势型、相对均衡型、环境优势型和低度均衡型六个类型;目前我国各省生态文明建设水平国际比较发现,多数省份的多数指标,与国际平均水平尚有差距,与先进国家水平更是差距显著。
从最新发展态势来看,2011年,尽管局部地区以及个别考察领域仍有退步,但全国整体生态文明建设水平明显提高,年度进步指数为2.87%,其中社会发展进步最快,协调程度进步显著,生态活力和环境质量提升缓慢。
驱动分析发现,我国经济发展与生态环境之间的冲突仍然尖锐。全国整体生态文明建设年度进步指数与社会发展年度进步指数和协调程度年度进步指数显著正相关,社会发展水平和协调发展能力的提升,是驱动我国生态文明建设水平提高的主要因素,而生态活力及环境质量年度进步指数竟然与生态文明建设年度进步指数呈不显著负相关。
偏相关分析结果显示,在控制了人均GDP变量之后,生态活力是与ECI 2013正相关系数最高的因素;环境质量与ECI 2013的相关性呈现出高度正相关;环境质量与社会发展、协调程度的相关性,也呈正相关。这表明,在排除经济发展的影响后,生态活力和环境质量对生态文明建设的积极作用得以清晰体现,也提示了经济增长至上的发展模式对生态文明建设的实际危害。
本书建议,要重视经济建设与生态文明建设的协调发展;要坚持良好的生态环境是“有益环境的生态”和“生态友好的环境”的统一;要切实树立底线思维,尽快划定明确而可行的生态红线;要特别加强农村、农业的生态环境治理,促进城乡生态文明建设一体化;要认识到生态文明制度建设是关键,健全法律法规、保障环境正义、完善生态补偿机制是生态文明建设的重中之重。
Ecological civilization construction is a
systematic project, broadly involving material, behavior, institution and
ideology. According to the latest data released by the national institutions
and 3 previous annul reports, China provincial Eco-Civilization
Construction Indices 2013(ECCI 2013) established two new evaluation index
systems for ecological civilization construction, based on both generalized and
narrow connotations of ecological civilization construction. These two systems
can score the Ecological Civilization Index (ECI 2013) as well as Green
Ecological Civilization Index (GECI 2013) of 31 provinces respectively.
After the updating of the index system and the
improvement of the analysis methodology, evaluation results show significant
differences among provinces on ECI 2013 scores. According to their situation in
4 aspects, China’s provinces can still be categorized into 6 types:
balanced development, socially developed, ecologically-advantageous,
relatively-balanced development, environmentally-advantageous
and low-balanced development. International comparitive
analysis shows that, most provinces still lag behind the international average
level for most indicators, and far behind the level in advanced countries.
Considering the latest situation in 2011, although
construction in a few local areas and a few evaluation factors as well as
aspects were regressive, we must see that the general levels of national
ecological civilization construction was significantly enhanced. National
progress index was 2.87%, in which social development advanced the
most, degree of harmony improved significantly, ecological condition and
environmental quality increased slowly.
Driving mechanism analysis reveals that China’s
economic development and ecological environmental conservation are strugglin On
one hand, national progress index has positive correlation with social
development progress index and degree of harmony progress index. It means that
enhancing the level of social development and the ability of harmony level is
the main driving force for ecological civilization construction in China. On
the other hand, ecological condition progress index and environmental quality
progress index have minor negative correlation with progress index of
ecological civilization construction.
Regardless of GDP per capita, a partial
correlation analysis show that ecological condition is the most positive factor
correlated with the ECI 2013 score, environmental quality has obvious positive
correlation with ECI 2013, environmental quality had positive correlation with
social development and degree of harmony. Results indicate that economic
development restrains the positive effects on ecological condition and
environmental quality. And GDP worship can harm China’s
ecological civilization construction.
Based on our research, this book suggests:
Firstly, China should highlight the coordinated development between economic
construction and ecological civilization construction. Secondly, China should
adhere to the idea that, good ecological environment comes from the unification
of “environmentally-beneficial
ecology” and “ecologically-friendly
environment”. Thirdly, China should establish a firm “bottom
line” thinking, and draw a clear and feasible red line
for ecological civilization construction. Fourthly, China should especially
enhance its ecological environmental conservation in rural areas and
agricultural industry; further balance the ecological civilization construction
between urban and rural areas. Fifthly, China should recognize that institution
building is the key to ecological civilization construction. Therefore,
improving laws and regulations, guaranteeing environmental justice, and
improving ecological compensation mechanism are of the most importance for
China’s ecological civilization construction.
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