章节

农民消费的碳排放影响

摘要

本文基于投入产出模型估计了1987—2007年中国城、乡居民的直接和间接碳排放影响,并对两者的差异进行了因素分解。结果表明,居民消费对碳排放有着不可忽视的影响。在整个研究时期内,居民消费的碳排放影响合计增长了将近1倍,其在中国碳排放总量中占比例虽然有所下降,但2007年仍有30%左右。居民消费各种商品(或服务)间接引起的碳排放要远远高于他们消耗能源直接引起的碳排放。无论是总量还是人均量,城、乡居民消费的直接碳排放影响都呈现收敛的变化趋势,但两者的间接碳排放影响差距则不断扩大。城、乡居民消费的碳排放差异由人口规模差异、人均消费水平差异、人均直接能耗差异、消费结构差异和直接能耗结构差异等五大因素决定。其中人口规模差异曾是最重要的因素,它有效地约束了城、乡居民碳排放差异的扩大。然而,随着城市化的不断推进,其影响逐渐减弱,已成为次要因素。取而代之的是人均消费水平差异,这一因素一直在推动城、乡居民碳排放差异的扩大,且影响越来越大。

作者

张友国

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农民消费的碳排放影响

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章节目录

  • 一 引言
  • 二 城乡居民收入和消费差异
  • 三 分析框架
    1. (一)模型
    2. (二)数据来源与处理
  • 四 实证分析
    1. (一)城、乡居民消费的碳排放影响
    2. (二)城、乡居民的人均碳排放影响
    3. (三)城、乡居民碳排放差异的因素分解
  • 五 结论与政策讨论

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