论文

从马克思到凯恩斯革命:金融在经济中的关键作用

摘要

19世纪60年代的企业行为开启了资本主义结构的巨大转型。在当时,虽然许多经济学家都注意到了这一点,但只有马克思将其发展成为一种关于资本主义的经济理论。随后,凡勃伦、希法亭及其批评者莱德勒、卡莱茨基、凯恩斯、斯坦德尔和明斯基等人在其著作中发展了马克思的这一理论。经济理论中的“巨大分歧”并非像凯恩斯所说,在于凯恩斯主义和古典理论的区别;也不像琼·罗宾逊和理查德·卡恩所认为的,是凯恩斯主义和新古典综合派之间的不同;同样不是后凯恩斯主义作家所指认的,在于有货币居间的生产和物物交换之间的区别;至于有些马克思主义者所说的政治经济学家和资产阶级辩护士之间的差别,也不是分歧的核心。[]经济理论的关键区别在于,理论是承认资本主义经济中长期金融的核心角色,还是仅仅把金融看作“储蓄”或者信用的另一种形式。

作者

简·托普洛夫斯基 (Jan Toporowski),英国伦敦大学亚非学院经济系教授,主要研究方向为马克思主义经济学和后凯恩斯主义经济学。
田磊 ,清华大学马克思主义学院博士研究生,主要研究方向为《资本论》与货币理论。
蔡万焕 ,清华大学马克思主义学院副教授,主要研究方向为《资本论》与当代中国经济、当代资本主义经济。

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从马克思到凯恩斯革命:金融在经济中的关键作用

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