摘要
2023年世界经济延续了2022年的下行趋势。尽管全球就业形势有所改善,通胀压力也有所缓解,但全球债务风险高位累积,贸易投资增长乏力。同时,世界经济增长分化加剧、颠覆性技术带来深刻复杂影响、歧视性区域主义加速兴起与扩散、“去风险”政策加剧全球经济脱钩风险以及“一带一路”开启金色十年新征程等问题值得关注。世界经济“再全球化”、全球生产与交换数字化、全球经济发展低碳化、国际经贸关系政治化、国际货币体系多元化等成为影响深远的趋势性变化。展望未来,导致全球经济下行的短期和长期因素依然很多,其中关键变量之一是中美等主要经济体能否携手应对各种全球经济挑战。从目前的国际经济政治环境和世界经济形势来看,2024年世界经济仍将行进在中低速增长轨道上,预计增长率为2.7%。
作者
张宇燕 ,中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所所长、研究员,中国社会科学院学部委员,中国社会科学院国家全球战略智库理事长、首席专家,中国社会科学院大学国际政治经济学院院长、博士生导师,中国世界经济学会会长。主要研究领域为国际政治经济学、制度经济学等。著有《经济发展与制度选择》(1992 年)、《国际经济政治学》(2008 年)、《美国行为的根源》(2015 年)、《中国的和平发展道路》(2017 年)等。
徐秀军 ,法学博士,中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所研究员,研究方向为国际政治经济学、亚太区域合作等。
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- 国务院新闻办公室:《共建“一带一路”:构建人类命运共同体的重大实践》,《人民日报》2023年10月11日。
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- IIF,“Global Debt Monitor:In Search of Sustainability,” September 19,2023.
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- IMF,“World Economic Outlook:Navigating Global Divergences,” October 10,2023.
- Michele Ruta,“The Rise of Discriminatory Regionalism,” Finance & Development,Vol. 60,No. 2,2023.
- Nathan Benaich,et al.,“State of AI Report 2023,” https://www.stateof.ai/,October,2023.
- Nestor Maslej,et al.,“The AI Index 2023 Annual Report,” Stanford,CA:Stanford University,April,2023.
- OECD,“OECD Economic Outlook:Confronting Inflation and Low Growth,” September,2023.
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- SWIFT,“RMB Tracker Monthly Reporting and Statistics on Renminbi(RMB)Progress Towards Becoming an International Currency,” https://www.swift.com/sites/default/files/files/rmb-tracker_october-2023_final_ast.pdf,October,2023.
- UNCTAD,“World Investment Report 2023:Investing in Sustainable Energy for All,” July 5,2023.
- United Nations,“Policy Brief:Education During COVID-19 and Beyond,” August,2020.
- World Bank Group,“Climate and Development:An Agenda for Action-Emerging Insights from World Bank Group 2021-22 Country Climate and Development Reports,” Washington,DC:The World Bank Group,2022.
- World Bank,“Global Economic Prospects,” June,2023.
- World Economic Forum,“Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2023,” June,2023.
- WTO,“Global Trade Outlook and Statistics:Update,” October,2023.
- 国务院发展研究中心对外经济研究部、中国信息通信研究院:《数字贸易发展与合作报告2023》,2023年9月。
- 国务院新闻办公室:《共建“一带一路”:构建人类命运共同体的重大实践》,《人民日报》2023年10月11日。
- 屠新泉:《全球产业链重构与全球贸易治理体系变革》,《当代世界》2023年第7期。
- 习近平:《建设开放包容、互联互通、共同发展的世界——在第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上的主旨演讲》,《人民日报》2023年10月19日。
- 中国信息通信研究院:《全球数字经济白皮书(2023年)》,2023年10月。
- Diego Cerdeiro,et al.,“Harm from ‘De-risking’ Strategies would Reverberate Beyond China,” https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2023/10/17/harm-from-de-risking-strategies-would-reverberate-beyond-china,October 17,2023.
- European Council,“European Council Conclusions on China,” https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/06/30/european-council-conclusions-on-china-30-june-2023/,June 30,2023.
- Henry A. Kissinger,Eric Schmidt,Daniel Huttenlocher,The Age of AI:And Our Human Future,New York:Little,Brown and Company,2021.
- Henry Farrell,Abraham Newman,“The New Economic Security State:How De-risking will Remake Geopolitics,” Foreign Affairs,Vol. 102,No. 6,2023.
- IIF,“Global Debt Monitor:In Search of Sustainability,” September 19,2023.
- ILO,“ILO Monitor on the World of Work,” 11th Edition,May 31,2023.
- IMF,OECD,UN,WTO,“Handbook on Measuring Digital Trade,” 2nd Edition,Geneva:WTO,2023.
- IMF,“World Economic Outlook:Navigating Global Divergences,” October 10,2023.
- Michele Ruta,“The Rise of Discriminatory Regionalism,” Finance & Development,Vol. 60,No. 2,2023.
- Nathan Benaich,et al.,“State of AI Report 2023,” https://www.stateof.ai/,October,2023.
- Nestor Maslej,et al.,“The AI Index 2023 Annual Report,” Stanford,CA:Stanford University,April,2023.
- OECD,“OECD Economic Outlook:Confronting Inflation and Low Growth,” September,2023.
- QuantumBlack by McKinsey,“The State of AI in 2022—and a Half Decade in Review,” December,2022.
- SWIFT,“RMB Tracker Monthly Reporting and Statistics on Renminbi(RMB)Progress Towards Becoming an International Currency,” https://www.swift.com/sites/default/files/files/rmb-tracker_october-2023_final_ast.pdf,October,2023.
- UNCTAD,“World Investment Report 2023:Investing in Sustainable Energy for All,” July 5,2023.
- United Nations,“Policy Brief:Education During COVID-19 and Beyond,” August,2020.
- World Bank Group,“Climate and Development:An Agenda for Action-Emerging Insights from World Bank Group 2021-22 Country Climate and Development Reports,” Washington,DC:The World Bank Group,2022.
- World Bank,“Global Economic Prospects,” June,2023.
- World Economic Forum,“Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2023,” June,2023.
- WTO,“Global Trade Outlook and Statistics:Update,” October,2023.