吉林省廉政文化建设研究

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　摘　　要


 


　　任何社会现象都有其存在的文化背景和社会环境，腐败作为一种普遍存在的社会现象，也必然与社会文化因素有关。因此，遏制腐败不仅需要相应的制度和机制，更需要文化因素的配合。廉政文化建设任务的提出，体现了人们对反腐败在文化方面的需求，更反映了文化与人的关系。文化因素会内化为人的思想和观念，当廉政文化像其他文化形式一样得到人民的认可和支持时，腐败自然难以滋生与蔓延，必然会得到有效的遏制，这正是进行廉政文化建设的特别之处。本书在深刻解析廉政文化建设相关概念的理论内涵的基础上，通过实证调查的研究方法考察了吉林省廉政文化以及廉政文化建设的现状，并在对国外先进经验借鉴的基础上，进一步提出了吉林省廉政文化建设的基本方略。


　　首先，本书对廉政文化建设的相关理论进行了阐述（第一章）。古汉语中，“廉”的本义是指堂屋的侧面，后引申至为官从政者应该具备“正直、公道、清白、不贪”等基本的道德品质。“政”则指向公共权力的运用。因此，廉政文化至少包含两层含义。一方面，其主体重点是掌握公共权力的组织和个人；另一方面，其基本内容包括四个方面：清廉而不贪占；公正而不偏私；俭朴而不铺张；公开而不隐瞒。从特点来看，廉政文化具有历史继承性、特定的阶级性、鲜明的时代性以及先进的思想性。廉政文化建设就是以廉政建设和廉政活动为基础，通过调动和发挥文化的功能，将一个个廉政建设的基本要素辩证地、发展地、有机地整合起来，对廉政文化进行的哲学思考和创造性构建。廉政文化建设的内容主要包括四个层面：精神层面、制度层面、行为层面和物质层面。


　　其次，本书对吉林省廉政文化及廉政文化建设现状进行了测量分析（第二章和第三章）。基于第一章对廉政文化的理论分析，第二章从测量主体、测量内容以及表现形式三个维度出发，设计了一套综合性的“廉政文化评价指标体系”，并通过问卷调查与深度访谈相结合的实证研究方法，对吉林省的廉政文化现状进行了测量。同时，我们从历史上传统文化糟粕的影响、现实中思想文化领域的失序和东北地域文化的缺陷三个方面对吉林省廉政文化缺失的根源进行了深入剖析。第三章在对全国以及吉林省廉政文化建设的基本进程进行梳理的基础上，通过“吉林省领导干部反腐倡廉教育调查”“吉林省廉政文化建设现状测评”“浪淘沙网站网上调查”三组调查结果，分别对吉林省的县处级领导干部、普通公务员以及社会公众对吉林省廉政文化建设现状进行测评。在对测评结果进行对比分析的基础上，对吉林省廉政文化建设的成效与不足进行了分析。


　　最后，本书提出了吉林省廉政文化建设的方略选择（第四章和第五章）。要明确廉政文化建设的基本方略，需要广泛借鉴古今中外的已有经验。第四章分别对中国古代的廉政思想、反腐制度以及芬兰、英国、美国、日本、新加坡等国廉政文化建设的经验进行了详细的梳理与分析，并系统总结了其对中国的借鉴意义。在对廉政文化建设经验的传承与借鉴的基础上，第五章按照“从整体到局部”“从组织到个人”的逻辑思路提出了吉林省廉政文化建设的方略，即总体性政治文化建设、东北区域亚文化转型、组织文化建设、主体性文化的形成。


 


 


　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Abstract


 


　　Any social phenomenon has its cultural background and social environment. As a widespread social phenomenon，corruption is also related to social and cultural factors. Therefore，to prevent corruption not only needs the appropriate systems and mechanisms，but also needs the co-ordination of cultural factors. When the task of clean government cultural construction is proposed，it reflects people's cultural needs in anti-corruption，and also reflects the relationship between people and culture. Cultural factors can become internalized into people's thoughts and ideas. When clean government culture is accepted and supported by people，corruption will be difficult to breed and spread，and will be effectively curbed. It is why the clean government cultural construction is so special. On the basis of profoundly analyzing the theoretical meaning of clean government cultural construction，this book evaluates the situation of clean government culture and clean government cultural construction in Jilin province by empirical research methods. Learning from the advanced experience of foreign countries，this book proposes the basic strategies of clean government cultural construction in Jilin province.


　　The first part（Chapter 1）describes a series of related theories of clean government cultural construction. In the ancient Chinese，the original meaning of “clean” refers to the side of the main room，and then it's extended that officials should have some basic moral characters like integrity，justice，innocence and incorruptibility.“Politic” means the use of public power. Therefore，the “clean government culture” contains at least two meanings. On the one hand，the main focus is organizations and individuals who control the public power; on the other hand，the basic content includes four aspects: clean but not graft; fair but not partial; frugal but not extravagant; public but not hide. There are four characteristics of the clean government culture. They are historical inheritance，specific class nature，distinct epochal character and advanced ideology. The clean government cultural construction is based on kinds of activities and measures. It integrates all the key elements into a whole with the power of culture .The content of clean government cultural construction mainly includes four aspects: the spirit，the system，the behavior and the substance.  


　　The second part（Chapter 2-3）evaluates the condition of clean government culture and clean government cultural construction in Jilin province. Based on the theoretical analysis in Chapter 1，Chapter 2 designs a set of “index system of clean government culture”，by which we measure the status of clean government culture in Jilin province by empirical research methods. Then we analyze the source of the lack of clean government culture in Jilin province from three aspects，such as traditional cultural dross，the disorder of reality culture and the culture defect of the regional culture. Chapter 3 sets out the historical evolution of clean government cultural construction both in the whole country and in Jilin province. Then it compares three sets of survey data respectively from “survey on incorruptible education for leaders in Jilin province”，“survey on clean government cultural construction in Jilin province” and “survey on Langtaosha Website”.On the basis of comparative analysis of the survey results，it analyses the effectiveness and shortcomings of the clean government cultural construction in Jilin province.


　　Finally，the third part（Chapter 4-5）proposes the strategies of clean government cultural construction in Jilin province. In order to clarify the basic strategy of clean government cultural construction，to draw on a wide range of existing experience of the ancient and modern is needed. Chapter 4 shares the experience of clean government cultural construction from Ancient China and foreign countries，like Finland，the United Kingdom，the United States，Japan，and Singapore. Based on all the experience above，Chapter 5 proposes the strategies of clean government cultural construction in Jilin province，such as constructing social overall political culture，constructing clean government culture in the Northeast China，constructing clean government culture on the administrative organization，cultivating clean consciousness for administrative individuals，and so on.