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The Environmental Constitutional Right in Finland:Achievements,Problems and Prospects
摘要
1995年生效的芬兰宪法第20条规定了环境宪法权利。尽管在早期被认为是一项宣告性权利,有关环境宪法权利的规定仍然具有非常重要的意义。在宪法解释方面的主要变化就是更强调环境问题,而弱化非财产权的重要性。在立法过程中,环境宪法权利促进了环境立法的改善。这一积极的发展趋势明显地反映在芬兰法院的判例法中:芬兰最高行政法院在沃托斯(Vuotos)案中的判决是这方面的一个转折点。在重大水力发电建设项目的规划过程中必须考虑环境权利,但是芬兰法院在适用有关环境保护的国际人权法律渊源,特别是欧洲人权法院的案例法方面还需进一步努力。环境权利的许多要素尚未在国内法院的推理中得到一致的适用。
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章节目录
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Comparative Research Describing Positive Effects of Constitutionalizing the Right to a Healthy Environment
- 3.The Role of the Constitutional Environmental Right in the Finnish Jurisprudence
- 4.International Human Rights Obligations Concerning Environmental Protection in the Finnish Law
- 5.Concluding Remarks
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