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巴西国家创新体系的演变与动态

摘要

本文回顾了巴西国家创新体系(NSI)的发展历程,分析了当前巴西国家创新体系的特征和面临的挑战。二战后,巴西开始了国家创新体系的制度化进程,在科技政策、科技基础设施等方面取得了重要进展。科研机构发展态势良好,科学产出显著提高,农业、空间和油气等领域的竞争力有所提高。但巴西的社会不平等问题阻碍了国家创新体系的发展,多数工业活动的创新较为缺乏,卫生健康等领域的公共服务不足。政府对于推动国家创新体系发展非常重要,不仅要制定系统性政策以增强技术研发和创新,还要确保创新目标和社会发展目标相融合。科技政策的选择应符合本地实际,并加强同解决贫穷、社会不平等和促进环境可持续性的政策之间的关联。科技政策不应局限在特定领域和有限群体。

作者

〔巴西〕约瑟夫·卡西奥拉托 约瑟夫·卡西奥拉托(José Eduardo Cassiolato),英国萨塞克斯大学博士,法国皮埃尔·门德斯大学博士后,巴西里约热内卢联邦大学经济研究所教授,研究领域为经济学。
海伦娜·拉斯特尔斯 (Helena Maria Martins Lastres),英国萨塞克斯大学博士,法国皮埃尔·门德斯大学博士后,巴西里约热内卢联邦大学经济学家。

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巴西国家创新体系的演变与动态

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