章节

认知失调论60年

摘要

认知失调论自20世纪50年代问世以来,激发了大量的经验研究、理论创新和观点争辩,形成一个“树大根深”的体系。其发展经历了以下几个重要阶段:经典认知失调论及四种经典实验范式的提出;经历学术论辩与修正后整合为新视角模型;“自我”的洞见催生出新的研究范式和领域;统一的自我标准模型的构建;群体层面的认知失调以及跨文化研究、认知神经机制等当代新进展。本研究以纵向的理论发展史为脉络,厘清了其起承转合的内部逻辑,并标记出其中的重要节点和由此开辟的研究领域,以期增进国内学术界对该领域的理解,推动相关研究的展开。

作者

徐健吾

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认知失调论60年

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章节目录

  • 一 经典认知失调论的石破天惊
    1. (一)费斯汀格的《认知失调论》
    2. (二)早期的经典研究及范式
      1. 1.自由选择范式(the Free-Choice Paradigm)
      2. 2.信念失验范式(the Belief-Disconfirmation Paradigm)
      3. 3.心血合理化范式(the Effort Justification Paradigm)
      4. 4.诱导依从范式(the Induced Compliance Paradigm)
  • 二 论辩与修正:刺激效应还是动机效应?
    1. (一)奖赏-刺激论的挑战和修正因子的探求
    2. (二)自我感知论的挑战和动机性质的澄清
  • 三 整合的新视角模型:“不一致”还是“后果”?
    1. (一)“后果”
      1. 1.后果的厌恶性
      2. 2.后果的可预见性
    2. (二)新视角模型
    3. (三)争议:厌恶性后果是否必需?
  • 四 失调中的“自我”之争
    1. (一)自我一致观
    2. (二)伪善范式
    3. (三)自我肯定论
    4. (四)降低失调的途径:直接与间接
    5. (五)有关自尊的分歧
    6. (六)自我标准模型
  • 五 群体认同视域下的认知失调
    1. (一)替代性失调
    2. (二)社会支持与元一致性
  • 六 当代认知失调领域的其他进展
    1. (一)跨文化研究
    2. (二)理论的进一步修正
    3. (三)失调的神经机制
    4. (四)联结主义模型
  • 七 结语

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