论文

伊斯兰式世界历史

摘要

世界历史可能吗?历史学家能否书写真正的世界历史?通过考察历史学家与奥斯曼帝国史相关的各种讨论,本文对这个问题进行了探索。作者首先回顾了在奥斯曼帝国史研究中的四类西方阐释模式:(1)19世纪的东方主义/自由主义视角;(2)法国年鉴学派的研究方法;(3)20世纪70年代的世界体系视角;(4)20世纪90年代在后现代转向影响下的反国家主义的文化主义视角。这四种阐释模式都未能跳出西方和非西方、欧洲中心与非欧洲边缘、前现代与现代的种种二元对立。本文提出,要书写真正的世界历史,就必须给予世界不同地区的历史以充分之重视,不把这些历史置于西方支配世界的故事中,而是重新理解作为一个普遍历史进程的“现代性”在这些地区的具体表现。这一项工作的开展始于马歇尔·霍奇森,他所展现的《伊斯兰的历险》是其中一个杰出范例。在形塑现代性及回应现代转型挑战的过程中,国家扮演重要角色,通过对国家能动性的关注,分析不同地区的治国方略、政治实践与制度创新,我们可以发现区域内外之间持续的互动关系以及某种“历史的统一性”。

作者

〔土耳其〕忽里 忽里(Huri Islamoğlu),土耳其海峡大学历史系教授。
邓欢娜

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伊斯兰式世界历史

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